Palm native habitat is scrub. Oil palm can grow well in the tropics (15 ° N - 15 degrees LS). These plants are fully grown at an altitude of 0 - 500m above sea level, with a humidity of 80-90%. Oil palm requires a stable climate with rainfall, 2000-2500 mm per year. That area is not flooded when it rains and drought in the dry season. Rainfall patterns affect the behavior of flowering and fruit production of oil (wikipedia).
There are two factors that affect the growth and productivity of palm oil, namely climatic factors and edafik factor (factor ground state)
Climate Factor
The intensity of light
Palm oil plantations require light intensity is high enough to perform photosynthesis, except in conditions of a juvenile in the pre-nursery. Photosynthesis in the leaves of palm oil will increase in the cloudy sky conditions due to the intensity of sunlight can be reduced. Dry matter production of seedlings aged 13 weeks were given shade turned out to be reduced. The dry weight loss includes a decrease in the canopy and on the roots.
Long exposures
Palm oil production is also affected by the number of hours a day of solar radiation effectively. Irradiation effectively defined as the total number of hours of exposure received during the period of sufficient soil moisture plus water during periods of water sters and reduced the duration of soil water stress occurs. The length of exposure required palm oil is 5-12 hours per day with 80% humidity conditions.
According Djoehana Setyamidjaja M. Ed., While irradiation is needed palm oil is 5-7 hours per day. Long exposures are an average of 5 hours and up to 7 hours per day. Long exposures primarily affect the growth and rate of asilmilasi, formation (sex ratio), and fruit production.
Temperature
Of oil palm trees can grow well in the temperature range of 24-28 degrees Celsius, the lowest temperature of 18 degrees and 32 degrees C. At the highest area around the equator, wild oil palm trees can still produce fruit at an altitude of 1,300 m above sea level. Thus oil palm crop is still expected to grow well into the range of temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, but has begun to stunted growth at a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius.
Fatherly optimum height while the palm is 0 -400 meters above sea level . At a height of over 500 m above sea level inhibited the growth of palm oil and its production will also be reduced (Djoehana Setyamidjaja M. Ed.).
Rainfall
Palm oil plantations require 1500-4000 mm of rainfall per year, but the optimum rainfall of 2000-3000 mm per year (Djoehana Setyamidjaja, M. Ed.). The water requirement for the plant oil palm in commercial plantations of about 1,950 mm per year. The water balance (mm) of oil palm trees aged 11 years (population 150 trees / ha)
The wind speed
Wind speed of 5-6 km / h is very good to help pollination of oil palm (anemophyli). Wind that is too tight can cause new plants become skewed and disrupt the process of pollination, even in case of a tornado can destroy oil palm plantations in the area some distance from the equator, such as Thailand.
Thank you for your visit, I hope this article helps.
There are two factors that affect the growth and productivity of palm oil, namely climatic factors and edafik factor (factor ground state)
Climate Factor
The intensity of light
Palm oil plantations require light intensity is high enough to perform photosynthesis, except in conditions of a juvenile in the pre-nursery. Photosynthesis in the leaves of palm oil will increase in the cloudy sky conditions due to the intensity of sunlight can be reduced. Dry matter production of seedlings aged 13 weeks were given shade turned out to be reduced. The dry weight loss includes a decrease in the canopy and on the roots.
Long exposures
Palm oil production is also affected by the number of hours a day of solar radiation effectively. Irradiation effectively defined as the total number of hours of exposure received during the period of sufficient soil moisture plus water during periods of water sters and reduced the duration of soil water stress occurs. The length of exposure required palm oil is 5-12 hours per day with 80% humidity conditions.
According Djoehana Setyamidjaja M. Ed., While irradiation is needed palm oil is 5-7 hours per day. Long exposures are an average of 5 hours and up to 7 hours per day. Long exposures primarily affect the growth and rate of asilmilasi, formation (sex ratio), and fruit production.
Temperature
Of oil palm trees can grow well in the temperature range of 24-28 degrees Celsius, the lowest temperature of 18 degrees and 32 degrees C. At the highest area around the equator, wild oil palm trees can still produce fruit at an altitude of 1,300 m above sea level. Thus oil palm crop is still expected to grow well into the range of temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, but has begun to stunted growth at a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius.
Fatherly optimum height while the palm is 0 -400 meters above sea level . At a height of over 500 m above sea level inhibited the growth of palm oil and its production will also be reduced (Djoehana Setyamidjaja M. Ed.).
Rainfall
Palm oil plantations require 1500-4000 mm of rainfall per year, but the optimum rainfall of 2000-3000 mm per year (Djoehana Setyamidjaja, M. Ed.). The water requirement for the plant oil palm in commercial plantations of about 1,950 mm per year. The water balance (mm) of oil palm trees aged 11 years (population 150 trees / ha)
The wind speed
Wind speed of 5-6 km / h is very good to help pollination of oil palm (anemophyli). Wind that is too tight can cause new plants become skewed and disrupt the process of pollination, even in case of a tornado can destroy oil palm plantations in the area some distance from the equator, such as Thailand.
Thank you for your visit, I hope this article helps.
See also : Indonesian Palm Oil Plantation History